What are the antenna requirements of a VHF telephony coast, maritime utility, or ship station?

The correct answer emphasizes that the shore or on-board antenna must be vertically polarized for VHF telephony coast, maritime utility, or ship stations. Vertical polarization is crucial in VHF communications as it enhances the efficiency of the radio wave transmission and reception, particularly in maritime environments where vessels often operate on various bearings. This orientation helps facilitate a more consistent line of sight between the antenna and the horizon, which is vital for maintaining reliable communication over the water.

In the context of VHF operations, antennas are generally designed for vertical polarization to ensure better matching with the typical orientation of marine antennas and reduce multipath fading, which can occur due to reflections off the water and other structures. The design considerations prioritize effective communication where seafarers require clear and constant contact with coastal stations and other vessels.

Understanding these requirements highlights the unique operational needs of maritime communication systems, particularly in maintaining clear channels and avoiding interference, which is addressed in the incorrect choices.