Which vessels are required to operate under GMDSS?

The correct answer highlights that vessels covered under the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) regulations are primarily those that fall under the guidelines of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). Specifically, vessels that are required to operate under the GMDSS include SOLAS Convention ships that are 300 gross tonnage or more. These vessels are mandated to have the necessary communication equipment to ensure safety at sea, especially when navigating internationally, where seamless communication can be critical during emergencies.

The SOLAS Convention sets standards not only for safety equipment but also for the training and certification of personnel who operate this equipment, which underscores the importance of ensuring that larger ships are equipped to handle potential distress situations effectively. The choice concerning all vessels capable of international voyages may seem broad and inclusive, but it is the specific gross tonnage and SOLAS requirements that delineate which vessels must adhere to GMDSS guidelines. Additionally, while vessels operating outside VHF coastal radio station ranges and coastal vessels of less than 300 gross tons are important, they do not meet the mandatory GMDSS coverage criteria set forth by existing maritime laws regarding SOLAS.